Yarchoan
M, James BD, Shah RC, Arvanitakis Z, Wilson RS, Schneider J, Bennett DA, Arnold
SE ; J Alzheimers Dis. 2016 Dec 30;:
BACKGROUND:
Cancer and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are common diseases of aging and share many
risk factors. Surprisingly, however, epidemiologic data from several recent
independent cohort studies suggest that there may be an inverse association
between these diseases.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between history of cancer and odds of
dementia proximate to death and neuropathological indices of AD.
METHODS: Using data from two separate clinical-pathologic cohort studies of
aging and AD, the Religious Orders Study (ROS) and the Rush Memory and Aging
Project (MAP), we compared odds of AD dementia proximate to death among
participants with and without a history of cancer. We then examined the
relation of history of cancer with measures of AD pathology at autopsy, i.e.,
paired helical filament tau (PHFtau) neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid-β load.
RESULTS: Participants reporting a history of cancer had significantly lower
odds of AD (OR 0.70 [0.55-0.89], p=0.0040) proximate to death as compared to
participants reporting no prior history of cancer. The results remained
significant after adjusting for multiple risk factors including age, sex, race,
education, and presence of an APOEɛ4 allele. At autopsy, participants with a
history of cancer had significantly fewer PHFtau tangles (p<0.001) than
participants without a history of cancer, but similar levels of amyloid-β.
CONCLUSIONS: Cancer survivors have reduced odds of developing AD and a lower
burden of neurofibrillary tangle deposition.
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